Definitions and methods of measuring and reporting on injurious falls in randomised controlled fall prevention trials : a systematic review

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Date
2012
Authors
Lauenroth, Andreas
Stock, Christian
Moreno, Raquel Rodriguez
Oster, Peter
McHugh, Gretl
Todd, Chris
Hauer, Klaus
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BMC Medical Research Methodology ; 12 (2012). - 50. - BioMed Central. - eISSN 1471-2288
Abstract
Background:
The standardisation of the assessment methodology and case definition represents a major precondition for the comparison of study results and the conduction of meta-analyses. International guidelines provide recommendations for the standardisation of falls methodology; however, injurious falls have not been targeted. The aim of the present article was to review systematically the range of case definitions and methods used to measure and report on injurious falls in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on fall prevention.

Methods:
An electronic literature search of selected comprehensive databases was performed to identify injurious falls definitions in published trials. Inclusion criteria were: RCTs on falls prevention published in English, study population ≥ 65 years, definition of injurious falls as a study endpoint by using the terms "injuries" and "falls".

Results:
The search yielded 2089 articles, 2048 were excluded according to defined inclusion criteria. Forty-one articles were included. The systematic analysis of the methodology applied in RCTs disclosed substantial variations in the definition and methods used to measure and document injurious falls. The limited standardisation hampered comparability of study results. Our results also highlight that studies which used a similar, standardised definition of injurious falls showed comparable outcomes.

Conclusions:
No standard for defining, measuring, and documenting injurious falls could be identified among published RCTs. A standardised injurious falls definition enhances the comparability of study results as demonstrated by a subgroup of RCTs used a similar definition. Recommendations for standardising the methodology are given in the present review.
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796 Sport
Keywords
Systematic review, Injurious falls, Elderly, Fall-related outcomes, Fall prevention trials
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Review
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Cite This
ISO 690SCHWENK, Michael, Andreas LAUENROTH, Christian STOCK, Raquel Rodriguez MORENO, Peter OSTER, Gretl MCHUGH, Chris TODD, Klaus HAUER, 2012. Definitions and methods of measuring and reporting on injurious falls in randomised controlled fall prevention trials : a systematic review. In: BMC Medical Research Methodology. BioMed Central. 12, 50. eISSN 1471-2288. Available under: doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-12-50
BibTex
@article{Schwenk2012-04-17Defin-55673,
  year={2012},
  doi={10.1186/1471-2288-12-50},
  title={Definitions and methods of measuring and reporting on injurious falls in randomised controlled fall prevention trials : a systematic review},
  volume={12},
  journal={BMC Medical Research Methodology},
  author={Schwenk, Michael and Lauenroth, Andreas and Stock, Christian and Moreno, Raquel Rodriguez and Oster, Peter and McHugh, Gretl and Todd, Chris and Hauer, Klaus},
  note={Article Number: 50}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Background:&lt;br /&gt;The standardisation of the assessment methodology and case definition represents a major precondition for the comparison of study results and the conduction of meta-analyses. International guidelines provide recommendations for the standardisation of falls methodology; however, injurious falls have not been targeted. The aim of the present article was to review systematically the range of case definitions and methods used to measure and report on injurious falls in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on fall prevention.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods:&lt;br /&gt;An electronic literature search of selected comprehensive databases was performed to identify injurious falls definitions in published trials. Inclusion criteria were: RCTs on falls prevention published in English, study population ≥ 65 years, definition of injurious falls as a study endpoint by using the terms "injuries" and "falls".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Results:&lt;br /&gt;The search yielded 2089 articles, 2048 were excluded according to defined inclusion criteria. Forty-one articles were included. The systematic analysis of the methodology applied in RCTs disclosed substantial variations in the definition and methods used to measure and document injurious falls. The limited standardisation hampered comparability of study results. Our results also highlight that studies which used a similar, standardised definition of injurious falls showed comparable outcomes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions:&lt;br /&gt;No standard for defining, measuring, and documenting injurious falls could be identified among published RCTs. A standardised injurious falls definition enhances the comparability of study results as demonstrated by a subgroup of RCTs used a similar definition. Recommendations for standardising the methodology are given in the present review.</dcterms:abstract>
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