Sediment fluxes rather than oxic methanogenesis explain diffusive CH4 emissions from lakes and reservoirs

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Peeters_2-4j8bqald4zxx4.pdf(7.07 MB)
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2019
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urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-2-4j8bqald4zxx4
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10.1038/s41598-018-36530-w
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Scientific Reports ; 9 (2019). - 243. - eISSN 2045-2322
Abstract
Methane emissions from lakes and reservoirs are a major natural source in the global budget of atmospheric CH4. A large fraction of these emissions are due to diffusive transport of CH4 from surface waters to the atmosphere. It was suggested recently that CH4 production in the oxic surface waters is required to compensate for diffusive CH4 emissions from lakes. In contrast, we demonstrate here that typical diffusive CH4-fluxes from sediments in shallow water zones, Fsed,S, suffice to explain CH4 emissions to the atmosphere. Our analysis is based on the combination of an exceptional data set on surface concentrations of CH4 with a mass balance model of CH4 that is focused on the surface mixed layer and considers CH4-fluxes from sediments, lateral transport, gas exchange with the atmosphere, and includes temperature dependencies of sediment fluxes and gas exchange. Fsed,S not only explains observed surface CH4 concentrations but also concentration differences between shallow and open water zones, and the seasonal variability of emissions and lateral concentration distributions. Hence, our results support the hypothesis that diffusive fluxes from shallow sediments and not oxic methanogenesis are the main source of the CH4 in the surface waters and the CH4 emitted from lakes and reservoirs.
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ISO 690PEETERS, Frank, Jorge ENCINAS FERNÁNDEZ, Hilmar HOFMANN, 2019. Sediment fluxes rather than oxic methanogenesis explain diffusive CH4 emissions from lakes and reservoirs. In: Scientific Reports. 9, 243. eISSN 2045-2322. Available under: doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36530-w
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@article{Peeters2019Sedim-44777,
  year={2019},
  doi={10.1038/s41598-018-36530-w},
  title={Sediment fluxes rather than oxic methanogenesis explain diffusive CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from lakes and reservoirs},
  volume={9},
  journal={Scientific Reports},
  author={Peeters, Frank and Encinas Fernández, Jorge and Hofmann, Hilmar},
  note={Article Number: 243}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Methane emissions from lakes and reservoirs are a major natural source in the global budget of atmospheric CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;. A large fraction of these emissions are due to diffusive transport of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; from surface waters to the atmosphere. It was suggested recently that CH&lt;sub&gt;4 &lt;/sub&gt;production in the oxic surface waters is required to compensate for diffusive CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emissions from lakes. In contrast, we demonstrate here that typical diffusive CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-fluxes from sediments in shallow water zones, Fsed,S, suffice to explain CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emissions to the atmosphere. Our analysis is based on the combination of an exceptional data set on surface concentrations of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; with a mass balance model of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; that is focused on the surface mixed layer and considers CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-fluxes from sediments, lateral transport, gas exchange with the atmosphere, and includes temperature dependencies of sediment fluxes and gas exchange. Fsed,S not only explains observed surface CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations but also concentration differences between shallow and open water zones, and the seasonal variability of emissions and lateral concentration distributions. Hence, our results support the hypothesis that diffusive fluxes from shallow sediments and not oxic methanogenesis are the main source of the CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in the surface waters and the CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emitted from lakes and reservoirs.</dcterms:abstract>
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