Agouti-related peptide 2 facilitates convergent evolution of stripe patterns across cichlid fish radiations

The color patterns of African cichlid fishes provide notable examples of phenotypic convergence. Across the more than 1200 East African rift lake species, melanic horizontal stripes have evolved numerous times. We discovered that regulatory changes of the gene agouti-related peptide 2 (agrp2) act as molecular switches controlling this evolutionarily labile phenotype. Reduced agrp2 expression is convergently associated with the presence of stripe patterns across species flocks. However, cis-regulatory mutations are not predictive of stripes across radiations, suggesting independent regulatory mechanisms. Genetic mapping confirms the link between the agrp2 locus and stripe patterns. The crucial role of agrp2 is further supported by a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout that reconstitutes stripes in a nonstriped cichlid. Thus, we unveil how a single gene affects the convergent evolution of a complex color pattern.

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570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

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ISO 690

KRATOCHWIL, Claudius F., Liang YIPENG, Jan GERWIN, Joost M. WOLTERING, Sabine URBAN, Frederico HENNING, Gonzalo MACHADO-SCHIAFFINO, Christopher Darrin HULSEY, Axel MEYER, 2018. Agouti-related peptide 2 facilitates convergent evolution of stripe patterns across cichlid fish radiations. In: Science. 362(6413), pp. 457-460. ISSN 0036-8075. eISSN 1095-9203. Available under: doi: 10.1126/science.aao6809

BibTex

@article{Kratochwil2018Agout-44473,
  year={2018},
  doi={10.1126/science.aao6809},
  title={Agouti-related peptide 2 facilitates convergent evolution of stripe patterns across cichlid fish radiations},
  number={6413},
  volume={362},
  issn={0036-8075},
  journal={Science},
  pages={457--460},
  author={Kratochwil, Claudius F. and Yipeng, Liang and Gerwin, Jan and Woltering, Joost M. and Urban, Sabine and Henning, Frederico and Machado-Schiaffino, Gonzalo and Hulsey, Christopher Darrin and Meyer, Axel}
}

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