2022, Goncalves, Leonel C., Rossegger, Astrid, Sadowski, Friederike, Urwyler, Thierry, Baggio, Stéphanie, Endrass, Jérôme

This study investigated correlates of domestic homicide (DH) and other violent crimes. Data were collected retrospectively from criminal justice files on 617 persons in Switzerland (DH = 47). Multinomial logistic regressions revealed that, overall, DH perpetrators were more likely to be older, female, married, to have a psychiatric hospitalization history, and to be under the influence of delusions when they committed the crime. In addition, they were less likely to have prior convictions. Furthermore, the characteristics associated to DH perpetrators were more similar to domestic violence perpetrators than those of persons who committed non-domestic offenses. Based on the current sample, data, and methods, DH appears to be better explained by specialist theories than generalist views of crime, suggesting that DH and the homicide of non-family members are different phenomena. Therefore, domestic offenders may require specific assessment and intervention methods. However, replications of this study are necessary to generalize the current findings.

2017, Sadowski, Friederike, Rossegger, Astrid, Pressman, Elaine, Rinne, Thomas, Duits, Nils, Endrass, Jérôme

2016, Sadowski, Friederike, Bohner, Gerd

With an Arab-Muslim sample of 160 Egyptian citizens from the greater Cairo area, we examined the role of religion in prejudice toward U.S. Americans and Europeans. When religious fundamentalism was tested concurrently with general religiousness, results showed that only religious fundamentalism significantly predicted both prejudices. In a second step we included closed-mindedness (CM), a facet of need for cognitive closure, and conservatism (RCON), a facet of right-wing authoritarianism, to explain the religion – prejudice link. Instead of using the two variables as parallel mediators, we assumed that CM is a predictor of RCON. Hence, in a first model we applied CM and RCON as serial mediators of the religious fundamentalism – prejudice relation. In a second model, an alternative approach was introduced where fundamentalism was predicted by CM and RCON; prejudice remained the outcome variable. Results showed that RCON had stronger effects in comparison to CM across all models and that religious fundamentalism was marginal or not significant when CM and RCON served as preceding variables in the second model suggesting that they may be more decisive than religious fundamentalism in the development of prejudice. Participants distinguished between U.S. Americans and Europeans with U.S. Americans being the more relevant outgroup in the religious context.

2020, Sonka, Celina, Meier, Hamta, Rossegger, Astrid, Endrass, Jérôme, Profes, Valerie, Witt, Rainer, Sadowski, Friederike

RADAR-iTE ist ein aktuarisches Risk-Assessment Instrument, das spezifisch für den Einsatz durch den polizeilichen Staatsschutz entwickelt wurde. Es dient dem Zweck, polizeilich bekannte Personen (sogenannte Gefährder und Relevante Personen) des islamistischen Spektrums hinsichtlich ihres Risikos, eine politisch motivierte schwere Gewalttat in Deutschland zu begehen, zu priorisieren und polizeiliche Ressourcen effizient einzusetzen. Auf der Grundlage einer standardisierten Fallaufbereitung werden Risiko- und Schutzmerkmale einer Person beurteilt und die Person einer Risikokategorie (moderates oder hohes Risiko) zugeordnet. RADAR- iTE ist seit 2017 bundesweit in den Staatsschutzstellen implementiert. Seit 2019 liegt RADAR- iTE in der revidierten Fassung 2.0 vor.

2017, Sadowski, Friederike

2015, Endrass, Jérôme, Sadowski, Friederike, Böckler, Nils, Rossegger, Astrid

Zur Erklärung von Anschlägen wie den auf die Redaktion von Charlie Hebdo oder den auf den Boston-Marathon sind etliche Modelle entwickelt worden. Dabei sind insbesondere mehrdimensionale Risikomodelle, die Kriterien abfragen, die direkt mit der Gewalttat assoziiert sind, für die Praxis hilfreich. Basierend auf dem mehrdimensionalen Risikomodell für persönlich motivierte Attentate (Endrass et al., 2014) werden drei Prototypen von Tätern vorgestellt, die massive Gewalt im öffentlichen Raum anwenden: Täter, bei denen eine schwere psychische Störung im Vordergrund steht, Täter bei denen der Anschlag Ausdruck von Dissozialität ist und schließlich solche, die kontextspezifisch Gewalt legitimieren. Vor dem Hintergrund der drei Prototypen wird der Stellenwert von Radikalisierungsmodellen kritisch diskutiert und dem Konzept der Legitimierungsarbeit für Gewalt gegenüber gestellt, das erklärt, wie es einer Person, die bisher nicht durch Gewalt aufgefallen ist, gelingt, ihre persönlichen Normen so anzupassen, dass auch extreme Formen von Gewalt als legitim angesehen werden.

2019-11, Sadowski, Friederike, Endrass, Jérôme, Zick, Andreas

We investigated whether authoritarianism and militancy are essential characteristics of religious fundamentalism by exploring subtypes of religious fundamentalism in a sample of n = 152 Muslims from Egypt. We applied Hood and colleagues’ intratextuality as a basic type of fundamentalism and selected a range of differentiating factors, such as closed-mindedness, militancy, and religious reflexivity, to characterize different subtypes. A survey with questionnaires was conducted in Cairo, Egypt, in the summer of 2013. Latent class analysis was applied to the data set. A solution with three subtypes fitted the data best. Subtype 1 had flexible and open-minded characteristics, Subtype 2 matched the typical characterization of religious fundamentalism with features of authoritarianism and extremist thinking, and Subtype 3 was a moderate version of Subtype 2 without authoritarian features but still with a high level of closed-mindedness. These results show that authoritarianism and militancy are not essential parts of religious fundamentalism and suggest that a more differentiated concept of religious fundamentalism is reasonable.

2017, Sadowski, Friederike, Endrass, Jérôme, Rossegger, Astrid