2023, Kurucz, Csaba, Hachfeld, Axinja, Lehrl, Simone, Anders, Yvonne

Migrationsbezogene Überzeugungen von frühpädagogischen Fachkräften werden insbesondere in kulturell diversen Kindertageseinrichtungen eine handlungsleitende Bedeutung zugesprochen, obwohl es für diese Annahme kaum empirische Belege gibt. Die vorliegende Studie setzt hier an und untersucht, ob die migrationsbezogenen Überzeugungen von N = 206 frühpädagogischen Fachkräften im Zusammenhang mit der in ihren N = 107 Kindertageseinrichtungen beobachteten sprachspezifischen Prozess- und Strukturqualität stehen. Als migrationsbezogene Überzeugungsfacetten wurden die multikulturellen und assmiliativen Überzeugungen berücksichtigt, die anhand von Selbsteinschätzungen erfragt wurden. Die sprachspezifische Prozess- und Strukturqualität wurde mithilfe verschiedener Subskalen der Skala zum Sustained Shared Thinking und zum emotionalen Wohlbefinden (SSTEW), der Kindergarten-Skala-Erweiterung (KES-E) sowie einer selbst entwickelten Skala „Sprach- und kultursensible Raumgestaltung“ (SKR) in Beobachtungen eingeschätzt. Die multikulturellen und assimilativen Überzeugungen der frühpädagogischen Fachkräfte gingen neben ausgewählten Struktur- und Fachkraftmerkmalen getrennt in Strukturgleichungsmodelle ein. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die multikulturellen Überzeugungen der frühpädagogischen Fachkräfte signifikant positiv mit der Subskala „Sprache“ der KES‑E und der Skala „Sprach- und kultursensible Raumgestaltung“ zusammenhingen. Die assimilativen Überzeugungen waren hingegen mit keiner der drei sprachspezifischen Qualitätsmaße assoziiert.

2022, Hachfeld, Axinja, Syring, Marcus

2021-12, Hachfeld, Axinja, Lazarides, Rebecca

Germany historically responded to student diversity by tracking students into different schools beginning with grade 5. In the last decades, sociopolitical changes, such as an increase in “German-as-a-second-language” speaking students (GSL), have increased diversity in all tracks and have forced schools to consider forms of individualization. This has opened up the scientific debate in Germany on merits and limitations of individualization for different student groups within a tracked system and heterogeneous classes. The aim of the present exploratory study was to examine how individualized teaching (i.e., teacher self-reported individualized teaching practices and individual reference norm orientation) is related to student-perceived teaching quality. Additionally, we considered moderation effects of classroom composition in relation to achievement and proportion of GSL students. Longitudinal data came from 35 mathematics classes with 659 9th and 10th grade students. Results showed significant relation between teacher self-reported individualized teaching practices and individual reference norm orientation and monitoring. Regarding the composition effects, the proportion of GSL students in class moderated the relation between teacher self-reported individual reference norm orientation and cognitive activation. Our findings contribute to the growing body of evidence that classroom composition can differentially impact the relation between teachers’ behaviors and students’ perceptions of teaching quality.

2020-09-08, Hachfeld, Axinja, Syring, Marcus

2022-02, Schotte, Kristin, Rjosk, Camilla, Edele, Aileen, Hachfeld, Axinja, Stanat, Petra

Based on two large-scale studies from Germany, we examined how different types of teachers’ cultural beliefs are related to immigrant students’ school adaptation. Specifically, we investigated the relationship of teachers' multicultural beliefs appreciating cultural diversity, their egalitarian beliefs focusing on all students' similarities and their assimilationist beliefs that immigrant students should conform to the mainstream context with immigrant students' academic achievement and psychological school adjustment as indicators of their school adaptation. We also explored all of these associations for non-immigrant students. Study 1 used data on the multicultural, egalitarian, and assimilationist beliefs of German language (N_Teachers = 220) and mathematics (N_Teachers = 245) teachers and on students’ achievement and feelings of helplessness in German language classes (N_Students = 2606) and mathematics classes (N_Students = 2851) as well as students’ school satisfaction. Study 2 analyzed data on teachers’ multicultural and egalitarian beliefs (N_Teachers = 456) and students’ achievement and self-concept in mathematics (N_Students = 4722). Overall, multilevel analyses revealed no relationship between teachers’ cultural beliefs and any of the indicators of immigrant and non-immigrant students’ school adaptation. These findings challenge the notion that overall, teachers’ cultural beliefs effectively translate into students’ school adaptation.

2022, Lorusso, Sonja, Hachfeld, Axinja

2021, Henne, Anna, Beuter, Anja, Hachfeld, Axinja, Schumann, Stephan, Möhrke, Philipp

2022-01-31, Canales-Romero, Deborah, Hachfeld, Axinja

As consequence to the coronavirus outbreak, governments around the world imposed drastic mitigation measures such as nationwide lockdowns. These measures included the closures of schools, hence, putting parents into the position of juggling school and work from home. In the present study, we investigated the well-being of parents with school-aged children and its connection to mitigation measures with particular focus on parental roles “caregiver,” “worker,” and “assistant teacher” as stressors. In addition to direct effects, we expected indirect effects on well-being through changes in household dynamics. Data were collected via an online survey (N = 1313, 85.5% female; 53.2% university degree) conducted during the first wave of school closures in Germany. We observed that during the early COVID-19 pandemic, parental well-being in general was quite positive. Comparing the positive and negative PANAS subscales, parents agreed significantly more with the positive than with the negative items, t(1299) = 28.55, p < 0.001. Parents also reported an increase in positive family activities during the lockdown, t(1272) = 43.96, p < 0.001. Although a significant increase in negative household dynamics, such as disputes, was also observed to a lower extent, t(1295) = 7.78, p < 0.001. Using structural equation modeling, we observed that “homeoffice” was not significantly related to parents’ well-being, but positively affected household dynamics. Taking on the role of “assistant teacher” was negatively related to household dynamics. Additionally, we found a significant direct effect on negative affect for “assistant teacher.” We conclude that parents of school-aged children have mostly been able to establish positive dynamics in their households during the lockdown given the extra time they got to spend with their children by working from home. However, our results identify the role of “assistant teacher” as a potential stressor for parents. Bridging the gap between teachers and parents seems warranted especially if (some) distance-learning continues, in order to avoid long-term consequences for the students.

2022, Profanter, Annemarie, Hachfeld, Axinja

Nel dibattito su formazione e inclusione l’Italia gioca un ruolo pioneristico. Se in passato questo termine si riferiva primariamente ad alunne/i con bisogni speciali, oggi il concetto di inclusione si impiega in senso più ampio, tenendo conto anche della sempre maggiore eterogeneità dei background individuali delle alunne/degli alunni. In Alto Adige la questione dell’inclusione è legata innanzitutto all’esigenza di considerare le diverse culture, per cui non stupisce che l’insegnamento delle competenze interculturali assuma un ruolo di rilievo nel piano di studi del corso di laurea magistrale a ciclo unico1, il corso riformato offerto dalla facoltà di Scienze della Formazione Primaria della Libera Università di Bolzano. Scopo delle lezioni incentrate su queste tematiche è far sì che le/i future/i insegnanti delle scuole primarie e dell’infanzia percepiscano l’interculturalità come arricchimento. Lo studio esamina le posizioni (convinzioni, sistemi di valori e orientamento motivazionale) in merito all’interculturalità di studentesse/studenti di lingua tedesca (n = 823) di diverse coorti e li relaziona sia con le esperienze di studio e pra-tiche sia con il senso di appartenenza. I risultati palesano posizioni in preva-lenza positive, la cui positività tende ad accrescere con l’aumentare delle esperienze. Il senso di appartenenza, un aspetto finora poco analizzato, si è rivelato essere il predittore più forte per quel che riguarda le posizioni individuali. I risultati mostrano l’importanza della capacità di auto-riflessione e delle opportunità di sperimentarla nel corso degli studi.

2020-10-16, Hachfeld, Axinja, Wieduwilt, Nadine

Wenngleich die Relevanz von Sprachförderung als elementarer Bestandteil frühkindlicher Bildung und Erziehung allgemein anerkannt ist, herrscht sowohl in der Praxis als auch in der Forschung Uneinigkeit darüber, inwiefern eine sprachliche Förderung mehrsprachiger Kinder mit dem konkreten Einbezug der Erstsprachen einhergehen sollte. Während Reich (2008) überrascht auf die Deutlichkeit hinweist, mit der sich seines Erachtens nach der „differenzierte Umgang mit Sprachenvielfalt“ in den Bildungsplänen der Länder ausdrückt, kommt Panagiotopoulou (2016) zu dem Schluss, dass der darin definierte Auftrag zur Sprachbildung in der Praxis vorrangig als Auftrag zur kompensatorischen Sprachförderung im Deutschen für mehrsprachig aufwachsende Kinder gedeutet wird. Diesbezüglich interessant ist der in den letzten Jahren vollzogene Wandel im Bereich der Sprachförderung von additiven Deutschförderprogrammen zu alltagsintegrierten Sprachförderansätzen.